Korematsu v. United States

Under Executive Order 9066 and Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34, Japanese Americans were required to leave designated West Coast military areas, including San Leandro, California, during World War II. Korematsu (defendant), an American citizen of Japanese descent whose loyalty to the United States was never questioned, was convicted in federal district court for violating the exclusion order. The Ninth Circuit affirmed his conviction, and the Supreme Court granted certiorari.