United States—Restrictions on Imports of Tuna

U.S. law required domestic tuna boats to reduce incidental dolphin deaths and later extended this requirement to foreign nations as a condition of importing tuna into the United States, resulting in an embargo against Mexican tuna that Mexico challenged as an unlawful quota, while the United States argued the measures were product-based regulations under Article III or, alternatively, fell within the Article XX(b) exception for measures necessary to protect animal life.