People v. Luparello
California Court of Appeal, Fourth District
231 Cal. Rptr. 832 (1986)
Relevant factsFree
Luparello enlisted armed friends to obtain his ex-girlfriend's whereabouts from Martin "at any cost," and during the resulting confrontation one of the friends shot and killed Martin, an outcome Luparello argued he neither planned nor intended, though the trial court instructed the jury it could convict him of murder under an aiding-and-abetting theory.
IssueFree
Whether a defendant may only be found guilty as an aider and abettor or co-conspirator of a crime he intended to facilitate or encourage.