Gobeille v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company

Vermont required health insurers and providers to report health-care cost and claims data to a state agency, and issued a subpoena to Blue Cross Blue Shield, which administered an ERISA-governed health plan for Liberty Mutual Insurance Company (plaintiff), demanding all files on Vermont plan members; Liberty, concerned about confidentiality obligations, instructed Blue Cross not to comply and sued for a declaration that ERISA preempted Vermont's law and an injunction against the state's data demands. The trial court granted summary judgment to Vermont (defendant), the appeals court reversed, and the Supreme Court granted review.