Eritrea Ethiopia Claims Commission, Partial Award, Civilian Claims, Eritrea's Claims 15, 16, 23 & 27-32

After a 1993 UN-supervised referendum created an independent Eritrea, roughly 60,000 people who voted in that referendum and thereby acquired Eritrean nationality continued living in Ethiopia; when war broke out between the two countries in 1998, Ethiopia invoked its own long-standing (since 1930) ban on dual nationality to expel these dual nationals as enemy nationals. Eritrea argued these individuals never actually relinquished Ethiopian citizenship and were being unlawfully expelled. The Commission had to determine both the nationals' actual citizenship status and whether Ethiopia's wartime denationalization and expulsion of various groups of them was lawful.