Dellums v. Bush
United States District Court for the District of Columbia
752 F. Supp. 1141 (1990)
After Iraq invaded Kuwait, the U.S. deployed roughly 230,000 troops to the Persian Gulf for a stated offensive purpose without any congressional declaration of war; 54 members of Congress (plaintiffs) sued President Bush (defendant) seeking an injunction against offensive military operations absent a declaration of war, and the DOJ opposed the injunction and moved to dismiss.
Whether the legislative branch of the federal government possesses the sole power to declare war under the United States Constitution, and whether a dispute between the legislative and executive branches is ripe for judicial action if neither branch has taken action asserting its constitutional authority.