Wiener v. United States

Congress created the War Claims Commission to adjudicate compensation claims from World War II prisoners of war and internees, with presidentially appointed members. President Truman appointed Wiener (plaintiff) to the Commission; when President Eisenhower took office, he removed Wiener simply to install his own appointees, and Wiener refused to resign but was removed anyway. Wiener sued for back pay in the Court of Claims, which dismissed the case, and the Supreme Court granted certiorari to decide whether Congress meant to limit the President's removal power over Commission members.

Whether Congress may limit the President's power to remove executive appointees serving on an independent, quasi-judicial tribunal within the executive branch.