United Transportation Union v. State Bar of Michigan
Supreme Court
401 U.S. 576 (1971)
The Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen developed a program referring injured union members to Chicago attorneys who agreed to charge no more than 25 percent of total recovered damages, with the Brotherhood also compensating union representatives for transporting injured members to meet these attorneys; the Brotherhood later merged into United Transportation Union (Union) (defendant). The Michigan State Bar (plaintiff) obtained a Michigan Supreme Court injunction barring the Union from giving legal advice to members, providing attorneys with injured members' names, receiving any monetary benefit from referrals (despite no allegation or proof of actual fee-sharing), or imposing any limits on attorneys' fees; the Union sought U.S. Supreme Court review.
Whether collective action to secure affordable legal services is a fundamental right protected by the First Amendment.