United States v. Ickes
United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
393 F.3d 501 (4th Cir. 2005)
Relevant factsFree
Customs agents searched John Ickes's (defendant) van at the U.S.-Canadian border and discovered child pornography, leading to charges for transporting it. The district court denied his motion to suppress the evidence and convicted him, and Ickes appealed, arguing the border search doctrine should not extend to searches of expressive material without additional justification.
IssueFree
Whether the border search doctrine, which permits warrantless searches at the border without individualized suspicion, is subject to an exception for materials that are expressive in nature under the First Amendment.