Missouri v. Holland

The President entered a 1916 treaty with Great Britain protecting migratory birds, and Congress then passed the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 to enforce it. Missouri (plaintiff) sued to prevent federal game warden Holland (defendant) from enforcing the Act, arguing the statute unconstitutionally infringed the states' reserved Tenth Amendment rights; the district court upheld the statute's constitutionality, and Missouri appealed.