Commonwealth v. Crawford

Crawford (defendant) shot his pregnant girlfriend Noblin in the face, and their viable fetus died of oxygen deprivation; he was convicted of involuntary manslaughter of both Noblin and the fetus after the trial judge defined "viability" using language drawn from Roe v. Wade, and Crawford argued the homicide statute was unconstitutionally vague for never legislatively defining that term and that the instruction lowered the state's burden of proof.